kotlin and java differences

 kotlin and java differences

introduction Kotlin:

In android used kotlin and java programming language. kotlin are developed in 2017 follow the introduction kotlin.

Since Google I/O 2017, Kotlin has seen explosive growth in Android development and after hosting KotlinConf only twice, the conference has become something of an institution in the developer community.

Accessibility on all platforms has always been a primary objective for Kotlin, but multi-platform programming is only the premise to a much more innovative outlook: sharing code between all platforms. With the release of Kotlin 1.3, improvements to Kotlin/Native are advancing the concept of multi-platform convenience. Finally, Android developers can use one integrated development environment (IDE) to develop with Kotlin on all platforms. The newest release makes mobile app scalability more attainable by supporting the invaluable benefit of code reuse, saving time and effort for more challenging tasks.

Kotlin/Native uses the compiler technology LLMV to compile Kotlin sources into stand-alone binaries for multiple operating systems and CPU architectures like iOS, Linux, Windows, Mac, and Web assembly.

In 2019, more enterprise leaders are migrating to Kotlin or planning to do so. Mobile products like Pinterest, Twitter, Netflix, Uber, AirBnB, Trello, and Evernote are all switching to Kotlin for Android applications. While the adoption of cross-platform Kotlin development hasn’t been explosive, major industry players are taking note of the many benefits Kotlin has to offer.  

What is Kotlin:

Kotlin is a statically typed programming language for Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and JavaScript. Described as a general-purpose language, Kotlin introduces functional features to support Java interoperability. The Kotlin project was born out of the aspiration for heightened productivity. The goal was to improve the coding experience in a way that was both practical and effective.

what is java language:

Java is a high-level programming language developed by Sun Microsystems. Instead, Java programs are interpreted by the Java Virtual Machine, or JVM, which runs on multiple platforms. ... This means all Java programs are multiplatform and can run on different platforms, including Macintosh, Windows, and Unix computers.

What is Kotlin used for?

Kotlin is a programming language that can be used for any kind of development – server-side, client-side or web.

follow the   kotlin and java differences :

Feature	Java	Kotlin
Checked Exceptions	Available	Unavailable
Code Conciseness	Can’t be labeled as concise	Better than Java
Coroutines	Unavailable	Available
Data Classes	Required to write a lot of boilerplate code	Requires adding only the data keyword in the class definition
Extension Functions	Unavailable	Available
Higher-Order Functions and Lambdas	Higher-order functions are implemented using Callables. Lambdas expressions are introduced in the Java 8	Comes as one of the prebuilt features
Implicit Widening Conversions	Available	Unavailable
Inline Functions	Unavailable	Available
Native Support for Delegation	Unavailable	Available
Non-private Fields	Available	Unavailable
NullPointerExceptions	Available	Unavailable
Primitive Types	Variables of a primitive type aren’t objects	Variables of a primitive type are objects
Smart Casts	Unavailable	Available
Static Members	Available	Unavailable
Support for Constructors	Can’t have secondary constructors. Although, can have multiple constructors (constructor overloading)	Can have one or more secondary constructors
Ternary Operator	Available	Unavailable
Wildcard Types	Available	Unavailable, has declaration-site variance and type projects as